Is Your Child’s English Mixing in Hindi Grammar? What’s Normal and How to Help
"Is knowing", a missing "the", "I go yesterday": most common grammar mistakes Indian kids make are Hindi patterns carried into English. Which are normal, which to watch, and how to help.
- Most of these slips are Hindi grammar carried into English.
- Hindi has no word for "the", so articles often take longest to settle.
- Indian English is a real variety; teach "the school way" alongside home English.
- Look closer if your child is hard to understand in every language, or if errors stay frozen for years.
“He is knowing the answer.” “I go to market yesterday.” “Myself Riya.” If your child says things like this, you’re hearing some of the most common grammar mistakes Indian kids make. Almost none of them are careless. Most are Hindi (or Tamil, or Marathi) patterns carried into English, and a few are features of the English spoken all around them in India. Below: which of them are ordinary, which deserve a closer look, and where they fit in our parent’s guide to teaching English grammar.

The short answer
Most of these mistakes are nothing to worry about. A child who says “is knowing” or drops “the” is doing something sensible: using the grammar they already own to build sentences in a newer language. Many of these patterns last well into primary school, especially when English is mainly a school language. It’s worth a closer look when a child struggles to be understood in every language they speak. The same goes for errors that stay frozen for years despite plenty of English around them. Start small: notice which two or three patterns come up most, and work on those gently.
Is English mostly a school language for your child, with another language at home? That alone explains most of these patterns.
Does your child speak fluently and clearly in their home language? If yes, the grammar engine is working fine.
Is the mistake the same every time, or random? A consistent pattern usually means a borrowed rule.
Does your child get it right when reading aloud or copying, but not when speaking? That’s normal, because speaking comes last.
Has anyone at school actually flagged it, or is it only something you’ve noticed at home?
Why do Indian kids make these grammar mistakes?
Hindi has no word for “the”, so children have nothing to borrow for it and often leave it out. Hindi’s word for “a” is ek, which also means ‘one’, and Hindi doesn’t need it in every sentence the way English needs “a”. So “one” creeps in (“I saw one dog on the road”) and “the” goes missing (“I went to market”).
None of this is random. A study of Indian English speakers by Devyani Sharma (2005) found a steady logic. Speakers keep “the” where the listener might not know which thing is meant, and drop it where that’s obvious. Learners whose first language has no articles, such as Russian speakers, find “a” and “the” hard too, as a 2024 study of 660 learner essays found. Your child is applying a different grammar, and applying it very consistently.
Which mistakes are typical, and which are worth a closer look?
| Typical second-language patterns vs. worth a closer look | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dropping “the” or “a”: “I went to market”, “She is doctor” (school way: “I went to the market”, “She is a doctor”) | Typical | Hindi has no word for “the” and doesn’t need <em>ek</em> (‘a’) as often, so this is one of the most common borrowed patterns. |
| “-ing” on knowing and owning verbs: “He is knowing”, “I am having two brothers” (school way: “He knows”, “I have two brothers”) | Typical | A well-documented feature of Indian English. Easy to adjust once your child hears the school form. |
| Mixing tenses in one story: “Yesterday I go to the shop and bought sweets” (school way: “Yesterday I went to the shop and bought sweets”) | Typical | Keeping one tense steady through a whole story is still developing through the primary years. |
| Question word order: “What you are doing?” (school way: “What are you doing?”) | Typical | Hindi questions keep normal word order, so the English flip takes longer to stick. |
| He and she mixed up: “My sister, he is coming” (school way: “My sister is coming”, “She is coming”) | Typical | Hindi uses one word, <em>vah</em>, for he, she and it, so English makes children choose where Hindi doesn’t. |
| “Since” with the wrong tense: “I am here since morning” (school way: “I have been here since morning”) | Typical | A very common Indian English pattern. Simplest fix: “I came here in the morning.” |
| “Myself” introductions: “Myself Riya” (school way: “I am Riya”, “My name is Riya”) | Typical | A widespread Indian English habit. Teach it as the school way to say it. |
| Extra little words: “repeat again”, “return back” (school way: “repeat”, “return”) | Typical | Very common in Indian English, including among adults. |
| Hard to understand in the home language too, not only English | Worth a look | Mention it to the teacher. It may be about language in general. |
| No past-tense forms at all in writing, by Class 3, despite regular practice | Worth a look | Raise it with the teacher. Often it’s simply exposure, but it’s good to check. |
Is Indian English simply “wrong”?
No, and this matters for how you talk about it with your child. Indian English is a recognised variety with its own settled patterns, used by millions of fluent adults. The Electronic World Atlas of Varieties of English (eWAVE) rates “-ing” on verbs like know as pervasive in Indian English. It rates questions without the word-order flip the same way. Research by Paula Rautionaho (2022) adds that Indian English uses forms like “is knowing” with its own meanings, so they aren’t simply mistakes.
So the honest framing for a child is “school English and home English sometimes say it differently, and your exams want the school way”. Many children already switch between two or three languages every day, so the idea of two ways to say something is familiar to them.
Five things that help at home
- Repeat it back, correctly, without a lesson. Child: “He is knowing my name.” You: “Oh, he knows your name? How?” Our narrate-your-day guide shows how to build more of this talk into your day.
- Pick one pattern a fortnight. Correcting everything at once just teaches a child to stop talking. If “is”, “am” and “are” are the muddle, our guide to when to use is, am and are has a Hindi shortcut that helps.
- Read aloud in English every day. Books give children “the”, “a” and a steady past tense thousands of times, without a lesson. Our six-week plan for teaching tenses to kids builds on exactly this.
- Play “school way, home way”. Say a sentence both ways and let your child pick which one the teacher wants. It turns correction into a game they can win.
- Save the fixing for writing time. When your child is telling a story, let it run.

What does school expect, and when?
Less than many parents fear. NCERT’s learning outcomes, which CBSE adopted for Classes I–VIII, spread these skills over years. By Class III, children are expected to tell simple past from simple present (3.E.LO9) and use full stops, question marks and capital letters (3.E.LO11). Words like “a”, “an” and “the”, called determiners, first appear by name in Class VI (6.E.LO12). Your child’s workbook may drill “a” and “an” from Class 1, and that practice helps. But since NCERT only names determiners in Class VI, a Class 2 child who still drops “the” when speaking isn’t behind.
When should you ask a professional?
For English grammar patterns alone, almost never; school and steady exposure sort most of them out. Start with your child’s class teacher, who hears your child next to classmates with similar home languages. See a speech-language therapist only if the difficulty shows up in every language your child speaks.
This page is not a medical or diagnostic assessment. If you’re worried about your child’s language overall, talk to your child’s teacher, then a paediatrician or speech-language therapist.
इनमें से ज़्यादातर ग़लतियाँ लापरवाही से नहीं होतीं। हिंदी में “the” जैसा कोई शब्द नहीं होता, इसलिए बच्चे अक्सर उसे छोड़ देते हैं। “He is knowing” जैसे वाक्य भारतीय अंग्रेज़ी में आम हैं। बच्चे को टोकने के बजाय सही वाक्य बातचीत में दोहराएँ, रोज़ अंग्रेज़ी में कहानी पढ़कर सुनाएँ, और हर दो हफ़्ते में सिर्फ़ एक ग़लती पर ध्यान दें। अगर बच्चा किसी भी भाषा में अपनी बात ठीक से न कह पाए, या कई साल बाद भी वही ग़लती बनी रहे, तो पहले टीचर से बात करें।
“When a child in my online class tells me ‘Ma’am, I am having a doubt’, I don’t hear a mistake first. I hear a child thinking in two languages at once. Once they know there’s a school way to say it, the fix is usually easy.” Monika Verma, Lead Trainer, Little Learns
Ask Mrs. Monika: quick answers
- Sharma, D. (2005). Language transfer and discourse universals in Indian English article use. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 27(4), 535-566 (retrieved September 2026)
- Kortmann, B., Lunkenheimer, K., & Ehret, K. (eds.) (2020). eWAVE: The Electronic World Atlas of Varieties of English, Indian English features (retrieved September 2026)
- Rautionaho, P. (2022). Revisiting the myth of stative progressives in world Englishes. World Englishes, 41(2), 183-206 (retrieved September 2026)
- NCERT Learning Outcomes (Elementary 2017; Secondary 2019), coded edition by DERT Meghalaya, 2021: English, Classes I–X (retrieved September 2026)
- CBSE. Circular Acad-05/2019: Learning Outcomes for Classes I–VIII (retrieved September 2026)
- Derkach, K., & Alexopoulou, T. (2024). Definite and indefinite article accuracy in learner English: a multifactorial analysis. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 46(3), 710-740 (retrieved September 2026)
Every child develops at their own pace — see our learning-outcomes note. Nothing here is a medical assessment; treat it as a starting point for a conversation with your child’s teacher.
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